Effects of mammalian sex hormones on regeneration capacity, retrotransposon polymorphism and genomic instability in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Mammalian steroid hormones (MSH) are also inherently synthesized by several plant species. However, external application of further stimulates cell division, pollen germination, growth and development. There is little known about the effects MSH on polymorphism DNA damage in Triticum aestivum L under vitro conditions. In this study, inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon coupled restriction enzyme digestion-iPBS (CRED-iPBS) markers were used for detection variation responded embryogenic callus (REC) that obtained from endosperm-supported mature embryo wheat Murashige Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations [0 (control), 10–4, 10–6 10–8 m mol L−1] (progesterone, 17β-estradiol, estrone testosterone). Responded regenerable (RE) induction embryos varied with type concentrations. The highest level genomic template stability (GTS) value (80.52%) was mM progesterone treatments to lowest (68.83%) 10–4 17 β-estradiol treatments. Epigenetic changes more frequent variable than genetic changes. While hypermethylation observed at higher concentrations, hypomethylation It concluded based iPBS CRED-iPBS findings high caused methylation. Variability among regenerates concentration observed. polymorphisms indicated presence regenerates. Application had a clearly effective instability embryo.